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Control banding (CB) strategies offer simplified solutions for controlling worker exposures to constituents that are
found in the workplace in the absence of firm toxicological and exposure data. These strategies may be particularly
useful in nanotechnology applications, considering the overwhelming level of uncertainty over what nanomaterials
present as potential work-related health risks and how these risks can be assessed and managed appropriately.

The CB Nanotool is a novel CB approach being used at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), by both
experts and non-experts, to assess risks associated with nanotechnology operations and prescribe appropriate
engineering controls. Publications on the CB Nanotool in the Annals of Occupational Hygiene and Journal of Nanoparticle Research have garnered much attention both nationally and internationally, and its risk level approach to risk management is being considered for numerous multidisciplinary applications.

	Extremely Unlikely (0-25)	Less Likely (26-50)	Likely (51-75)	Probable (76-100)
Very High (76-100)	RL 3	RL 3	RL 4	RL 4
High (51-75)	RL 2	RL 2	RL 3	RL 4
Medium   (26-50)	RL 1	RL 1	RL 2	RL 3
Low (0-25)	RL 1	RL 1	RL 1	RL 2